CONTENTS

Table of Contents
Introduction

1. Overview
2. Alcohol
3. Prescription and Over-the-Counter Medications
4. Barriers to Recognizing Problems
5. Signs and Symptoms of Misuse
6. Talking About Sensitive Issues
7. Assessing a Problem
8. Preventing Misuse
9. Intervention and Treatment

Supplements
Resources

Alcohol, Medication and Older Adults
For Those Who Care About or Care for an Older Adult

Guidelines

Here are some guidelines that might help you get started:

• Establish a supportive relationship.
• Treat the person with dignity and respect.
• Be gentle and caring.
  Bring up the person's good qualities and happy memories you share.
• Recognize the older adult's values and attitudes.
• Be mindful of the person's age and ability to understand.
  You may have to bring up the subject a little bit at a time instead of talking things out in one session.
• Be positive and optimistic.
• Be direct.
  Sometimes we coddle an older person like a child. Treat the person as an adult.
• Be specific.
  Present the facts in a straightforward manner. Use phrases such as "I've noticed" or "I'm worried" since a person cannot argue with your feelings.
• Focus on the effects alcohol and prescription drugs are having on the person's life.
• Present the effects of alcohol or drug use in relation to whatever the older adult cares about most.
  Some older adults may care about their health or what others are saying about them. Some may have given up on themselves but still cares deeply for their grandchildren.
• Avoid words like "alcoholic" or "drug addict."
  These words are not helpful and carry a great deal of negative stigma.
• Do not bother pouring alcohol down the sink or throwing away tranquilizers.
  If the person is not ready to get help, he or she will replenish the supply.

Your goal is to bring out understanding, cooperation, and motivation. This is a tall order. Do not worry if you do not say things perfectly. The important part is that you express your concern. Let the older adult know you are ready to help.

General Communication Tips

• Speak slowly.
• Use simple language.
• Ask for agreement on important points. Repeat instructions and reconfirm understanding.
  Instead of asking, "Do you understand?" ask the older adult to demonstrate understanding ("Can you please repeat what I have just said.")
• Speak for a short time and come back if necessary.
• Be gentle, but firm.