CONTENTS

About This Course

Table of Contents

1. An Introduction to Environmental Strategies
2. Types of Environmental Approaches
3. Putting Environmental Strategies To Work

Supplements
References
Resources

Environmental Strategies for Prevention
A Guide To Helping the Prevention Professional Work Effectively in the Community

Reference links to source material used to prepare this course are provided throughout the text as appropriate. Clicking a ^ref link takes you to the particular reference, highlighted for ease of viewing, in the master list of cited works. Click your browser's Back button to return to the course.

A printable version (PDF) of these references, organized by module, is available.
What is PDF?

• Northeast Center for Healthy Communities. Environmental strategies for substance abuse prevention. (March 2003). PowerPoint presentation first shown as part of a training on March 3, 2003. Retrieved January 26, 2005, from http://www.nc4hc.org/presentations.htm
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Northeast Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies. (n.d.). Effective strategies: Building blocks of prevention, Module 1, Part 2: What is our prevention framework? [Online course]. Retrieved May 26, 2004, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/science201/week1/module1part2.htm
• Ott, K. M., Ches, M. S., Quinn, L., & Thompson, S. J. (2004). A social ecological analysis of fetal alcohol spectrum disorders prevention programming. Journal of FAS, 2, e11. Available online at http://www.motherisk.org/JFAS/archive.php?issue=3
• Fisher, D. A. (n.d.). Environmental prevention strategies: An introduction and overview. Retrieved January 26, 2005, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/csap/
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. (1999) Preventing problems related to alcohol availability: Environmental approaches. [DHHS Publication No. (SMA) 99-3298]. Retrieved May 5, 2004, from http://www.health.org/govpubs/PHD822/aar.aspx
• Minnesota Prevention Resource Center. (n.d.). Environmental approaches to prevention. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.emprc.org/sept98/envapp.html
• Alcohol Epidemiology Program. (November 2000). Alcohol policies in the United States: Highlights from the 50 states. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. Available online at http://www.epi.umn.edu/alcohol/pdf/Chrtbook.pdf
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Western Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies. (1999). Environmental prevention strategies: Putting theory into practice training and resource guide. Rockville, MD: National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information. Retrieved December 16, 2004, from http://casat.unr.edu/westcapt/ptip.ppt
• American Medical Association. (n.d.). The effects of environmental factors on alcohol use and abuse. Retrieved November 18, 2004, from http://www.alcoholpolicysolutions.net/research_studies_effects.htm
• U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (April 2004). Traffic safety facts: Repeat intoxicated driver laws [Fact sheet]. Retrieved November 17, 2004, from http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/New-fact-sheet03/RepeatIntoxicated.pdf
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). General alcohol information. Retrieved November 17, 2004, from http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/factsheets/general_information.htm. Citing Serdula, M., Brewer, R., Gillespie, C., Denny, C., Mokdad, A. (2004). Trends in alcohol use and binge drinking 1985-1999. Results of a multi-state survey. American Journal of Preventive Medicine, 26(4), 294-298.
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Task Force of the National Advisory Council on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (April 2002). Creating an environment that discourages high-risk drinking. How to reduce high risk college drinking: Use proven strategies, fill research gaps. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/Reports/Panel02/KeyResearch_02.asp
• U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (2000). Cumulative estimated number of lives saved by minimum drinking age laws, 1975-2000 [black and white insert #7]. Youth fatal crash and alcohol facts 2000. Retrieved January 26, 2005, from http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/alcohol/Archive/2002YFCAF/bwinserts.html.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse and Prevention, with the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention Office of Smoking and Health, the American Academy of Pediatrics, and the National Education Association Health Information Network (n.d.). Mediasharp: Analyzing tobacco and alcohol messages leader's guide. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.cdc.gov/tobacco/educational_materials/mdiashrp.pdf
• E-mail correspondence with Dave Taylor, Alcohol Policies Project, Center for Science in the Public Interest, on December 14, 2004.
• The Marin Institute. (n.d.). Alcohol advertising and youth. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.marininstitute.org/Youth/alcohol_ads.htm
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion. (n.d.). General alcohol information [Fact sheet]. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.cdc.gov/alcohol/factsheets/general_information.htm
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (April 9, 2002). College drinking hazardous to campus communities: Task force calls for research-based prevention programs [press release]. Retrieved December 17, 2004, from http://www.niaaa.nih.gov/press/2002/college.htm
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, National Clearinghouse for Alcohol and Drug Information. (April 2003). Estimated Economic Cost of Alcohol Abuse in the United States. Substance Abuse in Brief: What you should know about alcohol problems. Retrieved January 26, 2005, from http://www.kap.samhsa.gov/products/brochures/pdfs/SAB-04-2003.PDF
• World Health Organization. Tobacco free initiative. Retrieved November 16, 2004, from http://www.who.int/tobacco/en/.
• Klitzner, M. (n.d.). Integrating environmental change theory into prevention practice [PowerPoint presentation]. Retrieved December 17, 2004, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/resources/csap/presentations/klitzner/
• 27. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. (2001). Prevention works! A practitioner's guide to achieving outcomes. Unpublished conference edition obtained from CSAP.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention Communications Team. (September 2004). Technical assistance bulletin: Following specific guidelines will help you assess cultural competence in program design, application, and management. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/MS500/
• Toomey, T., & Wagenaar, A. (1999). Policy options for prevention: The case of alcohol. Journal of Public Health Policy, 20(2), 193-212.
• Alcohol Epidemiology Program. (November 2000). Alcohol policies in the United States: Highlights from the 50 states. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. Available online at http://www.epi.umn.edu/alcohol/pdf/Chrtbook.pdf
• Harwood, E., Wagenaar, A., & Bernat, D. (2002). Youth access to alcohol survey: Summary report. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota.
• U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (n.d.). Traffic safety programs compendium of traffic safety research projects, 1987-1997: Updated annotated bibliography of traffic safety research projects. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/research/compend2.htm
• Americans Nonsmokers' Rights Foundation. (2004). Smokefree ordinance lists. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.no-smoke.org/goingsmokefree.php?dp=d13|p140
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Alcohol Policy Information System. (January 2004). Selected policy topics: Keg registration. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/
• U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. (February 2003). What campuses and communities are doing: Vassar College. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.edc.org/hec/ideasamplers/alpha.html
• Institute for Public Strategies. (August 2003). Issue briefing: Keeping your special event festive and safe: A planning guide for Ventura County communities. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.publicstrategies.org/publications.htm
• U.S. Code, Title 21, Chapter 13, Subchapter I, Part D, 860. Distribution or manufacturing in or near schools and colleges.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Northeast Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies. (2001). Policy: A strategy for prevention practitioners. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/products/strategies/policy/policypaper.html
• U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. (February 2003). What campuses and communities are doing: Texas A&M University. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.edc.org/hec/ideasamplers/alpha.html
• American Medical Association. The impact of alcohol pricing and promotional activities on high-risk drinking. Retrieved November 17, 2004, from http://www.alcoholpolicysolutions.net/research_studies_impact_pricing.htm
• Wagenaar, A., O' Malley, P., & LaFond, C. (2001). Lowered legal blood alcohol limits for young drivers: Effects on drinking, driving, and driving after drinking behaviors in 30 states. American Journal of Public Health, 91(5), 801-804.
• U.S. Department of Transportation, National Highway Traffic Safety Administration. (March 2004). Traffic safety facts: .08 BAC illegal per se level [Fact sheet]. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.nhtsa.dot.gov/people/injury/New-fact-sheet03/fact-sheets04/Laws-08BAC.pdf
• Wagenaar, A. C. (2000). Alcohol policy literature review. Paper presented at a meeting of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism Expert Panel on Confronting Challenges to Alcohol-Focused Prevention, October 25-27, 2000, in Bethesda, Maryland.
• Alcohol Epidemiology Program. (2000). Alcohol compliance checks: A procedures manual for enforcing alcohol age-of-sale laws. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.epi.umn.edu/alcohol/pdf/manual.pdf
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Division of Knowledge Development and Evaluation. (2001). Principles of substance abuse prevention [DHHS Publication No. (SMA)01-3507]. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov/pdfs/pubs_Principles.pdf
• Real World Foundation. (December 2003). Asthma Free School Zone Newsletter. Retrieved August 8, 2004, from www.afsz.org
• Insurance.com. (n.d.). Ten tips to help you save on auto insurance. Retrieved November 19, 2004, from http://www.insurance.com/Article.aspx/artid20.
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Alcohol Policy Information System. (January 2004). Selected policy topics: Beverage service training and related practices. Retrieved November 17, 2004, from http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Alcohol Policy Information System. (January 2004). Selected policy topics: Beverage service training and related practices as of January 1, 2004. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/
• U.S. Department of Education's Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Abuse and Violence Prevention. (June 1999). College alcohol risk assessment guide: Prevention strategies. Retrieved September 8, 2004, from http://www.edc.org/hec/pubs/cara/prevent.html
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention. (n.d.). Foundations of prevention [Online course]. Unit 5: Health communication and social marketing. Retrieved November 23, 2004, from http://prevtech.samhsa.gov/fop/
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Northeast Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies (n.d.). Communications: A strategy for prevention practitioners. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/products/strategies/communication/communicationspaper.html
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention Communications Team. (September 1994). Technical assistance bulletin: You can avoid common errors as you develop prevention materials. Retrieved November 23, 2004, from http://ncadi.samhsa.gov/govpubs/MS497/
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Western Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies. (n.d.). Media advocacy for environmental change [PowerPoint presentation], by N. Luna. Retrieved January 28, 2005, from http://casat.unr.edu/westcapt/ma.ppt
• Voas, R., Holder, H. & Gruenwald, P. (1997). The effect of drinking and driving interventions on alcohol-involved traffic crashes with a comprehensive community trial. Addiction, 2, s221-s236.
• Hingson, R. (1996). Reducing alcohol-impaired driving in Massachusetts: The Saving Lives Program. American Journal of Public Health, 86, 791-797.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Division of Knowledge Development and Evaluation. (2001). Science-based substance abuse prevention: A guide [DHHS Publication No. (SMA)01-3505]. Retrieved December 16, 2004, from http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov/pdfs/pubs_Guide.pdf
• Wagenaar, A., Murray, D., Wolfson, M., Forester, J. & Finnegan, J. (1994). Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol: Design of randomized community trial. Journal of Community Psychology, 79-100.
• Wagenaar, A., Murray, D., Gehan, J., Wolfson, M., Forster, J., Toomey, P., Perry, C. & Jones-Webb, R. (2000). Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol: Outcomes from a randomized community trial. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 61, 1, 85-94.
• Alcohol Epidemiology Program (2000). Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol: Frequently asked questions. Retrieved November 1, 2004, from http://www.epi.umn.edu/alcohol/cmca/cmcafaq.html
• Wagenaar, A., Gehan, J., Jones-Webb, R., Toomey, T., Forster, J., Wolfson, M., & Murray, D. (1999). Communities mobilizing for change on alcohol: Lessons and results from a 15-community randomized trial. Journal of Community Psychology, 27, 3, 315-326.
• Personal communication with Lindsey Fabian, University of Minnesota.
• Flynn, H. A., Marcus, S. M., Barry, K. L., & Blow, F. C. (2003). Rates and correlates of alcohol use among pregnant women in obstetrics clinics. Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research, 27, 1, 81-87.
• Harwood, H. (n.d.). Economic costs of fetal alcohol syndrome [Presentation]. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.fascenter.samhsa.gov/gg/economicCostsOfFAS.cfm
• State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services, Office of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. (n.d.). Alaska's FAS challenge. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://health.hss.state.ak.us/fas/AKfiveyrgoal/challange.htm
• State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services, Office of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. (n.d.). Alaska's Birth Defects Registry. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://health.hss.state.ak.us/fas/Data/birthdefects.htm
• State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services, (n.d.). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://health.hss.state.ak.us/dbh/prevention/programs/fasd/default.htm
• State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services, Division of Behavioral Health. (September 13, 2004). Alaska's FASD Project [Memorandum]. Obtained from L. Diane Casto, Program Manager, State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services, Office of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Center for Excellence. (n.d.). State laws related to posting of alcohol warnings at point of sale. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from http://www.fascenter.samhsa.gov/resource/signageLaws.cfm
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, Alcohol Policy Information Center. Selected policy topics: Alcohol and pregnancy: Mandatory warning signs as of January 1, 2004. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://alcoholpolicy.niaaa.nih.gov/
• State of Alaska, Department of Health and Social Services. (April 22, 2002). Department launches survey to assess attitude of Alaskans toward FAS [Press release]. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from http://health.hss.state.ak.us/press/PR042202kabbsurvey.htm
• Personal conversation with Todd Brocious, State of Alaska, Department of Education.
• Voas, R., Lange, J. & Johnson, M. (2001). Reducing high-risk drinking by young Americans south of the border: The impact of a partial ban on sales of alcohol. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 286-292.
• Institute for Public Strategies. (1999). San Diego issue briefing: U.S. teens and young adults drinking in Tijuana: An international exchange of problems and opportunities. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.publicstrategies.org/bp_ib_eng_97.htm
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration. (n.d.). Border binge-drinking reduction program. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from http://modelprograms.samhsa.gov/pdfs/Details/Border.pdf
• Voas, R., Tippets, S., Johnson, M., Lange, J. & Baker, J. (2001). Operation safe crossing: Using science within a community intervention. Addiction, 97, 1205-1214.
• Institute for Public Strategies. (1999). San Diego issue briefing: U.S. teen and binge drinking in Mexico: Binational coalitions progress toward real solutions. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.publicstrategies.org/bp_ib_eng_99.htm
• Lange, J., Voas, R., & Johnson, M. (2001). South of the border: A legal haven for underage drinking. Addiction, 97, 1995-1203.
• Epstein, J., Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention. (January 1999). The Higher Education Amendments. Retrieved November 11, 2004, from http://www.edc.org/hec/pubs/prev-updates/higher-ed-amend.html
• National Institutes of Health, National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism. (April 2002.). A call to action: Changing the culture of drinking at U.S. colleges. Retrieved December 17, 2004, from http://www.collegedrinkingprevention.gov/Reports/TaskForce/TaskForce_TOC.aspx
• Higher Education Center for Alcohol and Other Drug Prevention. (1998). Environmental management: A comprehensive strategy for reducing alcohol and other drug use on college campuses. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from http://www.edc.org/hec/pubs/enviro-mgnt.html
• Smeaton, J., Eadline, M., Egolf, B., & DeJong, W. (2003). Lehigh University's Project Impact: An environmental management case study. Journal of Drug Education and Awareness, 1, 59-75.
• American Medical Association Office of Alcohol and Other Drug Use. (2002). Alcohol Issues: Partner or foe? The alcohol industry, youth alcohol problems, and alcohol policy strategies. Retrieved January 27, 2005, from http://www.alcoholpolicysolutions.net/alcoholpolicymd/alcohol_policy/foe_final.pdf
• Voas, R. B., Johnson, M., & Lange, J. (2002). Permission to cross the border: Effective policy reduces high-risk drinking by Marines. Journal of Studies on Alcohol, 63(6), 645-648.
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration Center for Substance Abuse Prevention, Northeast Center for the Application of Prevention Technologies (n.d.). Collaboration: A strategy for prevention practitioners. Retrieved February 17, 2005, from http://www.northeastcapt.org/products/strategies/collaboration/collaborationpaper.html
• The Department of Health and Human Services, State of Alaska, Office of Fetal Alcohol Syndrome. (n.d.). The office of FAS Media Campaign. Retrieved December 2, 2004, from http://www.hss.state.ak.us/fas/Resources/media.htm
• U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, Substance Abuse and Mental Health Services Administration, Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Center for Excellence. (April 2005). Fetal Alcohol Spectrum Disorders Center for Excellence. Retrieved April 8, 2005, from http://fascenter.samhsa.gov/