Wading Through the Data Swamp:
Program Evaluation 201

Module 5: The t-Test of Difference Between Means - Page 8 of 24

Mathematical Symbols

The following mathematical symbols will be used throughout the module.

Symbol Meaning
Sum (result of adding) Sum (result of adding)
square root of Square root
µ Mean symbol
x Variable
x2 x squared, or x times x
n Number of people in the group (participants or comparison group)
summation of x Summation of x
summation of x squared Summation of x squared

mean of x

Mean of X

SS

Sum of squares

S2

Variance